How can I tell a story we already know too well? Her name was Africa.
His was France. He colonized her, exploited her, silenced her, and even
decades after it was supposed to have ended, still acted with a high
hand in resolving her affairs in places like Côte d’Ivoire, a name she
had been given because of her export products, not her own identity.
Her name was Asia. His was Europe. Her name was silence. His was
power. Her name was poverty. His was wealth. Her name was Her, but what
was hers? His name was His, and he presumed everything was his,
including her, and he thought he could take her without asking and
without consequences. It was a very old story, though its outcome had
been changing a little in recent decades. And this time around the
consequences are shaking a lot of foundations, all of which clearly
needed shaking.
Who would ever write a fable as obvious, as heavy-handed as the story
we’ve just been given? The extraordinarily powerful head of the
International Monetary Fund (IMF), a global organization that has
created mass poverty and economic injustice, allegedly assaulted a hotel
maid, an immigrant from Africa, in a hotel’s luxury suite in New York
City.
Tomgram: Rebecca Solnit, When Institutions Rape Nations
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Standing on the corner of 19th and G Street, just blocks from the
White House, the International Monetary Fund looks no different from
those other temples of capitalism -- the World Bank and the
Inter-American Development Bank -- that make their home in our nation's
capital. On a given morning, it's not uncommon to see protesters outside
the IMF's hulking offices, railing against its policy of imposing a
draconian, free-market agenda on developing nations which, in their
desperation, often have little choice but to come to the fund for help.
As we're quickly learning, in the aftermath of the arrest of its
ex-leader, Dominique Strauss-Kahn, the culture inside the IMF is almost
as toxic as the bitter economic poison doled out by the organization
itself. The harassment-plagued tenure of DSK, as he was known, was just
the tip of a Titanic-sized iceberg. As the New York Times reports,
his IMF had almost no safeguards against the kind of harassment rampant
in a place filled with domineering males. Female IMF employees avoided
certain types of dress to ward off unwanted attention, but still found
themselves faced with all forms of harassment. "It’s sort of like
'Pirates of the Caribbean'; the rules are more like guidelines," was the
way Carmen Reinhardt, a highly respected economist who served as a
director at the IMF, described the place. As TomDispatch regular Rebecca
Solnit makes clear, the IMF's recklessness and disregard for the
wellbeing of others reflects the organization's approach to the outside
world, a history of using economic shock therapy on nations around the world with disastrous results. Andy Kroll
Worlds Collide in a Luxury Suite:
Some Thoughts on the IMF, Global Injustice, and a Stranger on a Train
by Rebecca Solnit
Worlds have collided. In an earlier era, her word would have been
worthless against his and she might not have filed charges, or the
police might not have followed through and yanked Dominique Strauss-Kahn
off the plane to Paris at the last moment. But she did, and they did,
and now he’s in custody, and the economy of Europe has been dealt a
blow, and French politics have been upended, and that nation is reeling
and soul-searching.
What were they thinking, these men who decided to give him this
singular position of power, despite all the stories and evidence of such
viciousness? What was he thinking when he decided he could get away
with it? Did he think he was in France, where apparently he did get away
with it? Only now is the young woman who says he assaulted her in 2002 pressing charges
-- her own politician mother talked her out of it, and she worried
about the impact it could have on her journalistic career (while her
mother was apparently worrying more about his career).
And the Guardian reports
that these stories “have added weight to claims by Piroska Nagy, a
Hungarian-born economist, that the fund's director engaged in sustained
harassment when she was working at the IMF
that left her feeling she had little choice but to agree to sleep with
him at the World Economic Forum in Davos in January 2008. She alleged he
persistently called and emailed on the pretext of asking questions
about [her expertise,] Ghana's economy, but then used sexual language
and asked her out.”
In some accounts, the woman Strauss-Kahn is charged with assaulting
in New York is from Ghana, in others a Muslim from nearby Guinea. “Ghana -- Prisoner of the IMF”
ran a headline in 2001 by the usually mild-mannered BBC. Its report
documented the way the IMF’s policies had destroyed that rice-growing
nation’s food security, opening it up to cheap imported U.S. rice, and
plunging the country’s majority into dire poverty. Everything became a
commodity for which you had to pay, from using a toilet to getting a
bucket of water, and many could not pay. Perhaps it would be too perfect
if she was a refugee from the IMF’s policies in Ghana. Guinea, on the
other hand, liberated itself from the IMF management thanks to the
discovery of major oil reserves, but remains a country of severe
corruption and economic disparity.
Pimping for the Global North
There’s an axiom evolutionary biologists used to like: “ontogeny
recapitulates phylogeny,” or the development of the embryonic individual
repeats that of its species’ evolution. Does the ontogeny of this
alleged assault echo the phylogeny of the International Monetary Fund?
After all, the organization was founded late in World War II as part of
the notorious Bretton Woods conference that would impose American
economic visions on the rest of the world.
The IMF was meant to be a lending institution to help countries
develop, but by the 1980s it had become an organization with an ideology
-- free trade and free-market fundamentalism. It used its loans to
gain enormous power over the economies and policies of nations
throughout the global South.
However, if the IMF gained power throughout the 1990s, it began
losing that power in the twenty-first century, thanks to powerful
popular resistance to the economic policies it embodied and the economic
collapse such policies produced. Strauss-Kahn was brought in to salvage
the wreckage of an organization that, in 2008, had to sell off its gold
reserves and reinvent its mission.
Her
name was Africa. His name was IMF. He set her up to be pillaged, to go
without health care, to starve. He laid waste to her to enrich his
friends. Her name was Global South. His name was Washington Consensus.
But his winning streak was running out and her star was rising.
It was the IMF that created the economic conditions that destroyed
the Argentinian economy by 2001, and it was the revolt against the IMF
(among other neoliberal forces) that prompted Latin America’s rebirth
over the past decade. Whatever you think of Hugo Chavez, it was loans
from oil-rich Venezuela that allowed Argentina to pay off its IMF loans
early so that it could set its own saner economic policies.
The IMF was a predatory force, opening developing countries up to
economic assaults from the wealthy North and powerful transnational
corporations. It was a pimp. Maybe it still is. But since the Seattle
anti-corporate demonstrations of 1999 set a global movement alight,
there has been a revolt against it, and those forces have won in Latin
America, changing the framework of all economic debates to come and
enriching our imaginations when it comes to economies and possibilities.
Today, the IMF is a mess, the World Trade Organization largely
sidelined, NAFTA almost universally reviled, the Free Trade Area of the
Americas cancelled (though bilateral free-trade agreements continue),
and much of the world has learned a great deal from the decade’s crash
course in economic policy.
Strangers on a Train
The New York Times reported it
this way: "As the impact of Mr. Strauss-Kahn’s predicament hit home,
others, including some in the news media, began to reveal accounts, long
suppressed or anonymous, of what they called Mr. Strauss-Kahn’s
previously predatory behavior toward women and his aggressive sexual
pursuit of them, from students and journalists to subordinates."
In other words, he created an atmosphere that was uncomfortable or
dangerous for women, which would be one thing if he were working in,
say, a small office. But that a man who controls some part of the fate
of the world apparently devoted his energies to generating fear, misery,
and injustice around him says something about the shape of our world
and the values of the nations and institutions that tolerated his
behavior and that of men like him.
The United States has not been short on sex scandals of late, and
they reek of the same arrogance, but they were at least consensual (as
far as we know). The head of the IMF is charged with sexual assault. If
that term confuses you take out the word “sexual” and just focus on
“assault,” on violence, on the refusal to treat someone as a human
being, on the denial of the most basic of human rights, the right to
bodily integrity and corporeal safety. “The rights of man” was one of
the great phrases of the French Revolution, but it’s always been
questionable whether it included the rights of women.
The United States has a hundred million flaws, but I am proud that
the police believed this woman and that she will have her day in court. I
am gratified this time not to be in a country which has decided that
the career of a powerful man or the fate of an international institution
matters more than this woman and her rights and wellbeing. This is what
we mean by democracy: that everyone has a voice, that no one gets away
with things just because of their wealth, power, race, or gender.
Two days before Strauss-Kahn allegedly emerged from that hotel
bathroom naked, there was a big demonstration in New York City. “Make
Wall Street Pay” was the theme and union workers, radicals, the
unemployed, and more -- 20,000 people -- gathered to protest the
economic assault in this country that is creating such suffering and
deprivation for the many -- and obscene wealth for the few.
I attended. On the crowded subway car back to Brooklyn afterwards,
the youngest of my three female companions had her bottom groped by a
man about Strauss-Kahn’s age. At first, she thought he had simply bumped
into her. That was before she felt her buttock being cupped and said
something to me, as young women often do, tentatively, quietly, as
though it were perhaps not happening or perhaps not quite a problem.
Finally, she glared at him and told him to stop. I was reminded of a
moment when I was an impoverished seventeen-year-old living in Paris and
some geezer grabbed my ass. It was perhaps my most American moment in
France, then the land of a thousand disdainful gropers; American because
I was carrying three grapefruits, a precious purchase from my small
collection of funds, and I threw those grapefruits, one after another,
like baseballs at the creep and had the satisfaction of watching him
scuttle into the night.
His action, like so much sexual violence against women, was
undoubtedly meant to be a reminder that this world was not mine, that my
rights -- my liberté, egalité, sororité, if you will -- didn’t matter.
Except that I had sent him running in a barrage of fruit. And Dominique
Strauss-Kahn got pulled off a plane to answer to justice. Still, that a
friend of mine got groped on her way back from a march about justice
makes it clear how much there still is to be done.
The Poor Starve, While the Rich Eat Their Words
What makes the sex scandal that broke open last week so resonant is
the way the alleged assailant and victim model larger relationships
around the world, starting with the IMF’s assault on the poor. That
assault is part of the great class war of our era, in which the rich and
their proxies in government have endeavored to aggrandize their
holdings at the expense of the rest of us. Poor countries in the
developing world paid first, but the rest of us are paying now, as those
policies and the suffering they impose come home to roost via
right-wing economics that savages unions, education systems, the
environment, and programs for the poor, disabled, and elderly in the
name of privatization, free markets, and tax cuts.
In one of the more remarkable apologies of our era, Bill Clinton -- who had his own sex scandal once upon a time -- told the United Nations
on World Food Day in October 2008, as the global economy was melting
down: “We need the World Bank, the IMF, all the big foundations, and all
the governments to admit that, for 30 years, we all blew it, including
me when I was President. We were wrong to believe that food was like
some other product in international trade, and we all have to go back to
a more responsible and sustainable form of agriculture.”
He said it even more bluntly
last year: “Since 1981, the United States has followed a policy, until
the last year or so when we started rethinking it, that we rich
countries that produce a lot of food should sell it to poor countries
and relieve them of the burden of producing their own food, so, thank
goodness, they can leap directly into the industrial era. It has not
worked. It may have been good for some of my farmers in Arkansas, but it
has not worked. It was a mistake. It was a mistake that I was a party
to. I am not pointing the finger at anybody. I did that. I have to live
every day with the consequences of the lost capacity to produce a rice
crop in Haiti to feed those people, because of what I did.”
Clinton’s admissions were on a level with former Federal Reserve
Chairman Alan Greenspan’s 2008 admission that the premise of his
economic politics was wrong. The former policies and those of the IMF,
World Bank, and free-trade fundamentalists had created poverty,
suffering, hunger, and death. We have learned, most of us, and the worldhas changed remarkably since the day when those who opposed
free-market fundamentalism were labeled “flat-earth advocates,
protectionist trade unions, and yuppies looking for their 1960's fix,”
in the mortal words of Thomas Friedman, later eaten.
A remarkable thing happened after the devastating Haitian earthquake
last year: the IMF under Strauss-Kahn planned to use the vulnerability
of that country to force new loans on it with the usual terms. Activists
reacted to a plan guaranteed to increase the indebtedness of a nation
already crippled by the kind of neoliberal policies for which Clinton
belatedly apologized. The IMF blinked, stepped back, and agreed to
cancel Haiti’s existing debt to the organization. It was a remarkable
victory for informed activism.
Powers of the Powerless
It looks as though a hotel maid may end the career of one of the most
powerful men in the world, or rather that he will have ended it himself
by discounting the rights and humanity of that worker. Pretty much the
same thing happened to Meg Whitman, the former E-Bay billionaire who ran
for governor of California last year. She leapt on the conservative
bandwagon by attacking undocumented immigrants -- until it turned out
that she had herself long employed one, Nickie Diaz, as a housekeeper.
When, after nine years, it had become politically inconvenient to
keep Diaz around, she fired the woman abruptly, claimed she’d never
known her employee was undocumented, and refused to pay her final
wages. In other words, Whitman was willing to spend $140 million on her
campaign, but may have brought herself down thanks, in part, to $6,210
in unpaid wages.
Diaz said,
"I felt like she was throwing me away like a piece of garbage." The
garbage had a voice, the California Nurses Union amplified it, and
California was spared domination by a billionaire whose policies would
have further brutalized the poor and impoverished the middle class.
The struggles for justice of an undocumented housekeeper and an
immigrant hotel maid are microcosms of the great world war of our time.
If Nickie Diaz and the battle over last year’s IMF loans to Haiti
demonstrate anything, it’s that the outcome is uncertain. Sometimes we
win the skirmishes, but the war continues. So much remains to be known
about what happened in that expensive hotel suite in Manhattan last
week, but what we do know is this: a genuine class war is being fought openly in our time, and last week, a so-called socialist put himself on the wrong side of it.
His name was privilege, but hers was possibility. His was the same
old story, but hers was a new one about the possibility of changing a
story that remains unfinished, that includes all of us, that matters so
much, that we will watch, but also make and tell in the weeks, months,
years, decades to come.