by Joel S. Hirschhorn
No matter how awful you think our government and political system have become, odds are you do not know about this travesty of justice, an incredible failure to honor our fabled Constitution. This failure has removed the sovereignty of we the people, and made Congress much more powerful than it should be. Let me acknowledge that even though I have been pegged as “Democracy’s Mr. Fix It,†until recently I too was ignorant about this blatant disregard for a key part of our Constitution.
Our Founders were acutely aware of the need to create a mechanism for we the people to, when necessary, circumvent the political power of the federal government. They built in a critically important form of direct democracy that, however, our elected MISrepresentatives have refused to implement. Here it is: Article V of our Constitution specifies two distinct routes to amending our Constitution: “The Congress, whenever two-thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose Amendments to this Constitution, or, on the Application of the Legislatures of two-thirds of the several States, shall call a Convention for proposing Amendments, which, in either Case, shall be valid to all Intents and Purposes, as Part of this Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three-fourths of the several States, or by Conventions in three-fourths thereof, as the one or the other Mode of Ratification may be proposed by the Congress…â€
Conventions to consider constitutional amendments should be seen as peaceful revolutions – a remedy specified in our Constitution for addressing a national government and political system that no longer serves public interests. Congress has been so corrupted for so long that it has blatantly ignored the constitutional provision for conventions. It wants exclusive power over amending our Constitution in violation of the Constitution itself.
The key point is that our Founders gave states this route to address excess federal power. All
of the twenty-seven amendments thus far incorporated into the
Constitution were proposed by Congress. Granted, Article V has sparse
language. But clearly Congress “shall†call a convention to order when
the only stated requirement is met, namely that two-thirds of state
legislatures request a convention. There are NO other stated
requirements. So, have state legislatures requested a convention and
has Congress fulfilled its constitutional, legal responsibility and
called for one?
Yes, a sufficient number of state legislatures have requested a convention. With
50 states presently in the Union, there must be applications made by
lawmakers in at least 34 states in order to trigger the
constitutionally specified convention option. In fact, there have been
over five hundred state applications requesting a convention and
Congress has never called for one. All the state applications are there
in the Congressional Record and Congress is ignoring them. Legally
known as laches, things that are ignored on purpose.
As noted in Wikipedia:
“The framers of the Constitution wanted a means of sometimes bypassing
a potentially unwilling Congress in the amendment-proposing process.
They thought that there could be circumstances in which Congress, for
self-serving reasons, would ignore valid pleas to amend the
Constitution and so the framers established an alternate means of
proposing change in the Constitution.†Just as an example, consider
that a convention might decide to alter or abandon the Electoral
College system for choosing a president.
What has Congress
done? Congress has never obeyed Article V and certified that a national
Constitutional convention must be held – remember, NOT by itself to
amend the Constitution, but solely at its discretion to propose
amendments – just as Congress has done in the past. Then, it would be
up to state legislatures or state conventions to actually pass or not
pass any proposed amendments. Congress has never even established a
procedure for tracking state requests for a convention. Congress’
power-grabbing behavior is by itself sufficient reason why Americans
should want a convention – one possible amendment would be to amplify
the language on conventions to make Congress more responsible.
This point is especially important. As noted in Wikipedia, Congress
has never responded to many requests from states by calling a
convention, supposedly because those applications requested amendments
on different subjects. However, Article V does not explicitly require
that state requests must specify what amendment(s) they are interested
in pursuing. Congressional inaction has contributed to the impression
that states must petition for the same amendment(s). However, federal
courts have never ruled on this "precedent," nor should they. We do not
need any judicial decision, because Article V does not require that
states specify anything other than their desire for a convention.
Logically, to require states to signal in advance what they were
interested in doing would create the potential for congressional
refusal to call a convention. Thus, the Founders knew what they were
doing when they did not require such notification.
As if
the illegal inactions by Congress is not enough to make your patrotic
blood boil, the Supreme Court rejected hearing a case that claimed it
was illegal for Congress to avoid calling a convention. In August 2006
Bill Walker filed a petition
of close to 1,000 pages; he noted that 49 states had requested a
convention. He correctly emphasized that “On its face, that fact alone
compels Congress to call a convention, which it has not, and compels
the judicial system, under its oath to support the Constitution, to
enforce that document’s provision and declare such inaction by
Congress, unconstitutional.â€
On October 30, 2006 the
Supreme Court denied certiorari to this question in Walker v. Members
of Congress (06-244). By refusing to hear the case it allowed the
direct text of the United States Constitution to be vetoed with
impunity by Congress. What is so disturbing is that the Supreme Court
did not think it worthy or that it had a Constitutional duty to address
the power of Congress by itself to veto an explicit clause and
provision in our Constitution. Thus two branches of the federal
government violated their sacred, sworn oath to obey the Constitution.
Simply put, the refusal of Congress to issue the call for a convention
even when a sufficient number of applying states exists is
unconstitutional, and the refusal of the Supreme Court to rule that
Congress has acted unconstitutionally was itself unconstitutional.
Imagine this: Congress upholds its oath and issues a call for a Constitutional convention. The
states would hold special elections for delegates; the delegates would
convene and make their own rules for reaching decisions. Once all the
delegates had proposed their ideas and agreed on what amendments should
be ratified by the states, the convention would end. The proposed
amendments would then be sent out to the states by Congress; the
ratification process would begin. Once any single amendment garnered
the approval of 38 states – a high hurdle – it would be amended to the
Constitution. A host of electoral reforms could be enacted to
rejuvenate our American democracy.
If you truly believe in
our constitutional republic and representative democracy with
safeguards, then you must demand that every presidential candidate take
a clear, unequivocal position on this Article V constitutional
convention requirement. It is time for the Executive Branch to stand up
for constitutional integrity. Every single one of us should demand from
whoever becomes our new president in 2008 a commitment to pressure
Congress for a convention. He or she should do that soon after taking
office – after swearing to defend and uphold our Constitution. Should
we accept anything less?
How could candidates for the presidency say that a clear constitutional
clause is not valid? Nor must they be allowed to do what Congress has
done – simply ignore the whole Article V convention issue. Take a
stand! Inaction means our Constitution will suffer three strikes and
have even less credibility with the many U.S. citizens and people
worldwide who already see American democracy riddled with hypocrisy.
And where the hell is our mainstream news media? Is not obeying our Constitution worthy of their attention?
[The subject of Constitutional conventions and many other forms of
direct democracy are examined in the author’s new book Delusional
Democracy; check it out at www.delusionaldem
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